Types of machines for harvesting crops
Grain harvesting machinery is a key tool in modern agriculture for efficient and fast harvesting.
Today’s technologies offer a variety of machines to suit different needs and types of crops, including: combine harvesters, tractors, trailers and transfer wagons, grain balers, self-loading trailers, and grain mowers.
Grain harvesting machines – combine harvesters
Combine harvesters are multifunctional agricultural machines designed for harvesting grain.
They consist of several main parts, such as the harvesting unit, thresher, cleaning system and grain tank.
A combine harvester simultaneously mows, threshes and cleans grain, making the harvesting process extremely efficient.
Grain harvesters can be adapted to different types of grain, such as wheat, corn, barley and rice.
Thanks to interchangeable components, such as hedgers, they can also harvest different types of crops, increasing their versatility and usefulness in a variety of farm fields.
Functions and applications
The main functions of grain harvesters include mowing, threshing, separating and cleaning the grain. The combine mows the grain crop with the help of a harvesting unit, then the thresher separates the grain from the ears.
The next step is the separation and cleaning of the grain, which goes into the grain tank.
Finally, the clean grain is ready for storage or transport.
Grain harvesters are used on large farms, where the need for fast and efficient harvesting is very important.
They are indispensable during large-scale harvesting, allowing farmers to make the most of the weather window to harvest their crops.
Advantages of combine harvesters
Among the main advantages of combine harvesters are:
- Performance. Combine harvesters are extremely efficient, allowing large quantities of grain to be harvested in a short period of time.
Thanks to advanced technologies, modern combines can work quickly and efficiently, minimizing grain losses. - Versatility. Combine harvesters can be equipped with different hedgers and components, allowing them to harvest different types of crops.
This versatility makes them a versatile tool on the farm. - Advanced technologies.
Modern combine harvesters are equipped with GPS, automatic guidance and telemetry systems to increase precision and control over the harvesting process.
These technologies allow farmers to monitor and optimize every step of the harvesting process, leading to better results and saving time and resources. - Reduction of manual labor. With combine harvesters, the harvesting process is less labor-intensive, resulting in a significant reduction in labor costs.
The automated functions of the harvesters reduce the need for manual intervention, which translates into greater convenience and safety at work.
How to prepare the harvester for harvesting?
Preparing a harvester for the harvest season is important to ensure its optimal operation and performance.
The process involves several steps, the most important of which is the harvesting unit.
- Technical review. Before harvesting begins, the condition of the harvester should be thoroughly checked.
This includes inspection of the engine, drive train, hydraulic system and electrics.
All possible defects should be repaired. - Maintenance of the harvesting unit. The harvesting unit, or heder, should be thoroughly cleaned and sharpened.
Cutting knives must be in perfect condition to ensure clean and efficient cutting of crops.
It is also important to check all moving parts, such as gears and bearings. - Calibration of settings. The combine’s settings, such as thresher speed, travel speed and screen settings, should be adjusted according to the type of grain being harvested.
Calibration of these parameters is important for the best results. - Control tests. Before starting the actual harvest, it’s a good idea to conduct control tests on a small part of the field.
This allows you to detect possible problems and correct them quickly.
Grain harvesting machinery – tractor
A tractor is the foundation of any farm and one of the most important items in the harvesting machinery category.
These machines are used for towing trailers, transporting harvested crops, and as drive units for other agricultural machinery.
Tractor functions and applications
Farm tractors are used to perform many tasks on the farm. They can tow a variety of farm machinery, such as trailers, grain balers, mowers and manure spreaders.
Their use also includes plowing, seeding and spraying crops, making them extremely versatile.
Modern tractors are equipped with advanced hydraulic systems, allowing precise control of various implements.
Advantages of tractors
The main advantages of the tractors include:
- Versatility. Tractors are capable of performing a wide variety of tasks, making them a versatile tool on the farm.
- Power and endurance. Equipped with high-powered engines, these machines can operate in tough off-road conditions, ensuring reliability and efficiency.
- Comfort and safety.
Modern tractors offer comfortable cabs with air-conditioning, ergonomic seats and advanced safety systems, greatly improving the operator’s working conditions.
Grain harvesting machines – trailers and transfer wagons
Trailers and transfer wagons are an indispensable part of harvesting machinery, they are used to efficiently transport the harvested crop from the field to the storage area or directly to the processing plant.
These machines play an important role in harvest logistics, enabling the rapid and safe transportation of large quantities of grain.
Functions and applications of trailers and cargo haulers
Trailers and transfer wagons are designed for maximum performance and durability. They can be towed by tractors and are available in a variety of sizes and configurations to meet the specific needs of each farm.
They are essential for transporting grain, straw and other agricultural materials.
Advantages of trailers and loading carts
Among the main advantages of these machines are:
- Transportation Efficiency. Thanks to their large capacity and sturdy construction, the trailers and reloading carts enable the rapid transport of large quantities of grain, which is crucial during the busy harvest season.
- Versatility. These machines can be used to transport a variety of agricultural materials, increasing their utility on the farm.
- Durability. High-quality materials and robust construction ensure long life and reliability, which minimizes maintenance and repair costs.
Grain harvesting machines – grain baler
Grain balers, also known as balers, are the machines needed to form straw into compact bales after the grain harvest.
They are essential for farms that use straw as animal feed or for other purposes, such as biofuel production.
Functions and applications of grain balers
Grain balers collect the straw left over from the harvest and form it into regular, compact bales that are easy to transport and store.
The process involves collecting the straw, crushing it and tying it into bales using special strings or netting.
Advantages of grain balers
Here are the main advantages of the grain press:
- Effectiveness. Grain balers make it possible to quickly and efficiently harvest and form straw, which significantly speeds up the harvesting process.
- Ease of transportation and storage. Straw bales are compact and easy to transport and store, making it easier to manage the material on the farm.
- Versatility. Grain balers can be used to form different types of straw, increasing their utility on the farm.
Grain harvesting machines – self-loading trailer
Self-harvesting trailers are specialized machines used for harvesting hay, straw and other crop materials directly from the field.
Their advanced harvesting mechanisms make them extremely efficient and convenient to use.
Functions and applications of forage trailers
Self-loading trailers collect plant material using mechanical combs that transfer it to a transport container.
They can be towed by tractors and are equipped with a variety of functions, such as automatic feeding and cutting, making them more efficient and convenient to use.
Advantages of self-loading trailers
Among the main advantages of self-loading trailers are:
- Effectiveness. Self-loading trailers make it possible to harvest large amounts of crop material quickly and efficiently, significantly speeding up the harvesting process.
- Versatility. The machines can be used to harvest various types of plant materials, including hay, straw and corn.
- Automated functions. Modern forage trailers are equipped with advanced features such as automatic feeding and cutting, increasing their efficiency and convenience.
Grain harvesting machines – grain mowers
Grain mowers are essential for mowing grain crops before further processing. They are especially useful on smaller farms or in situations where a combine harvester cannot be used for various reasons.
Functions and applications of grain mowers
Grain mowers effectively mow grain crops, preparing them for further processing.
They can be towed by tractors or be self-propelled.
They are available in a variety of sizes and configurations to suit specific farm needs.
Advantages of grain mowers
The main advantages of grain mowers are:
- Simplicity. The mowers are easy to operate and maintain, making them ideal for smaller farms.
- Cost. They are less expensive than combine harvesters, making them more accessible to farmers with limited budgets.
- Versatility. The mowers can be used to mow a variety of crops and grasses, increasing their utility on the farm.
Harvesting machines, including combine harvesters, are an indispensable part of modern agriculture.
They make the harvesting process fast, efficient and less labor-intensive.
Choosing the right machines and preparing them properly for the harvesting season is important for the best results.
Modern technologies used in these machines further increase their efficiency and precision, which translates into higher profits and savings for farmers.
